1. Important terms
Biotechnology, Cell engineering, Cell culture, Tissue culture, in vitro, in vivo, Disinfection, Disinfectant, Sterilization, Antisepsis, Bacteriostasis, Bacteriostatic, Asepsis and antiseptic technique, Filtration, Medium, Cryopreservation, Totipotency, Morphogenesis, Totipotent, Pluripotent, Multipotent, Unipotent, Differentiation, Dedifferentiation, Redifferentiation, Callus, Competence, Plant tissue culture, Explants, Inoculums, Micropropagation, Virus elimination, Synthetic or artificial seed, Secondary metabolism, Secondary metabolites, Elicitation, Bioconversion, Protoplast, Cell fusion, Somatic hybrids, Homokaryon, Cybrid, Plant breeding, Haploid, Hybridization Breeding, Mutagenic Breeding, Mutation breeding, Polyploidy Breeding, Haploid Breeding, Genetic Engineering, In vitro flowering, Embryo rescue, In vitro fertilization, Style grafting, Chimeras plants, Variegated plants, Meristem organisation, Graft chimeras, Spontaneous graft chimeras, Synthethic graft chimeras, Apomixis, Haploid parthenogenesis, Haploid androgenesis, Haploid apogamy, DNA library, transgenic plants, A. tumefaciens, Ti plasmid, Reporter genes, Gene gun, Macro- and micro-injection, Passage, Subculture, Primary culture, Suspension culture, Anchorage-dependent cell, Fibroblast cell type, Epithelium cell type, Wondering cell type, Polymorphic cell type, Rich media, Cell activity, Cryoprotectants, Monoclonal antibody, Hybridomas, Stem sells, Stem cell engineering, Potency, Totipotent stem cells, Totipotency, Pluripotent stem cells, Multipotent stem cells, Unipotent cells, Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), transgenic animals, Adults stem cells, Embryonic stem cells, Dolly the sheep, Clone, Cloning technique, Embryo bisection, Cell nuclear transplantation, Embryo cell nuclear transplantation, Somatic cell nuclear transplantation.
2. Questions
CE 0 Introduction to Cell Engineering
1. Please describes the major technology in biotechnology and give some examples.
2. How cell engineering related to other disciplines and please give some examples.
3. What are the milestones in cell engineering and give the reasons.
4. What is the core of cell engineering, and give some examples.
CE 1 Basic Laboratory Techniques
1. Please explain the concept of cell/tissue culture.
2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of in vitro culture?
3. What are the basic growth conditions for in vitro cell culture?
4. What are the four categories equipments in cell engineering laboratory? Please explain and give some examples.
5. Please describes the antiseptic techniques for operation filed, tools and buffer and media.
6. What are the purpose and basic procedure for cryopreservation?
7. What are the rules in cell engineering laboratory?
CE 2 Totipotency and morphogenesis
1. Please explain totipotent, pluripotent, multipotent, unipotent.
2. What factors could affect differentiation in plants.
3. Please compare totipotentiality between animals and plants.
4. Please explain differentiation, dedifferentiation, redifferentiation, plant hormone, callus.
CE 3 Tissue culture and cell culture in plants
1. What is plant tissue culture? How many stages involves in plant tissue culture experiment?
2. What are explants? What is the difference between explants and inoculums?
3. Please describe the techniques for surface sterilization of plant material and sterilization of culture media.
4. What factors will affect a plant tissue culture experiment?
5. Please describe the ground plan of a laboratory for plant tissue culture.
CE 4 Plant Propagation
1. Please describe the principle and major stages in micropropagation
2. Please describe the principle and major stages in virus elimination experiment
3. Please describe the principle and major stages in producing artificial seeds.
CE 5 Plant cell culture and production of secondary metabolites
1. What are primary and secondary metabolism in plants?
2. Please describe how to initiate suspension cultures for producing secondary metabolites.
3. What are advantages and disadvantages of using plant techniques for producing secondary metabolites?
4. Give some examples of industrial culture system to produce plant secondary metabolites
CE 6 Protoplast culture and fusion
1. How to isolate and prepare protoplast? Please give full description of the isolation and preparation steps.
2. How to grow protoplast?
3. How to make protoplast hybrids? And how to test hybrids?
CE 7 Novel Breeding Methods
1. What is plant breeding? How plant tissue techniques involved in plant breeding?
2. Please describe different plant breeding strategies with plant tissue techniques.
3. Please describe the principle and general steps of haploid breeding.
CE 8 Plant Genetic Engineering.
1. How to construct DNA library?
2. Please describe indirect gene transfer mediated by A. tumefaciens in plant genetic engineering.
3. Please describe direct gene transfer strategies in plant genetic engineering
CE9 Animal Cell Culture
1. What are different types of in vitro animal cell cultures?
2. What is primary animal cell culture? What are cell strains, cell lines? What is subculture?
3. Please compare animal cell culture and plant cell culture.
4. Please describe establishment, passage, and storage of animal cell culture
CE10 Monoclonal Antibodies
1. Please compare plant and animal cell fusion.
2. Please describe the procedure of generation and production of monoclonal antibody.
CE11 Stem Cell Engineering
1. Please compare the sources, isolation methods, and properties of stem cells.
2. What people could benefit from stem cell engineering? And what are the social problems?
CE12 Transgenic Animals
1. Please compare different gene transfer strategies in animals.
2. Please compare the generation of transgenic animals and transgenic plants.
CE13 Animal Cloning Technique
1. Please describe and compare embryonic cell nuclear transplantation method and somatic cell nuclear transplantation method.
2. How Dolly the sheep was generated?
